A complicated tripod mount was available to allow the Bren to be used as an indirect-fire weapon, but this was rarely used in the field. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. The magazines also prevented the ammunition from getting dirty, which was more of a problem with the Vickers with its 250-round canvas belts. During World War II, the Bren gun became the backbone of the British infantry. Indian Army variants may be new-build, not conversions. Parachute battalions from 1944 had an extra Bren in the AT platoon. Its name originated as an acronym from Brno, where the Czech gun was made, and Enfield, where the British adaptation was made. The Bren’s distinctive top-mounted curved magazine made it easy to recognize by friend and foe alike. Each gun came with a spare barrel that could be quickly changed when the barrel became hot during sustained fire, though later guns featured a chrome-lined barrel which reduced the need for a spare. MG 42: $100 (1944) The Bren Light Machine Gun .303. Bren carried by a Canadian soldier in 1945. I say theroetically, because most … The Bren Light Machine Gun. The loading mechanism works smoothly. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). The conical flash hider was replaced by the slotted type similar to that of the contemporary L1 rifle and L7 General Purpose Machine Gun. Following these trials, the British Army adopted the Czechoslovak ZB vz.26 light machine gun manufactured in Brno in 1935, although a slightly modified model the ZB vz. 26 and its descendants, which British Army officials had tested during a firearms service competition in the 1930s. A licence to manufacture was sought, and the Czech design was modified to British requirements. A number of US gunsmiths have manufactured new semiautomatic Brens by welding the pieces of destroyed receivers back together, with modifications to prevent the use of full automatic parts, and fitting new fire control components capable of only semiautomatic fire. winter Arctic). Please go to Site Map for complete site contents. 26, was also used in World War 2 by German and Romanian forces, including units of the Waffen SS. THE BREN LIGHT MACHINE GUN This is a page of www.staffshomeguard.co.uk. The major changes were in the magazine and barrel. Replies: 0; Views: 564; Rating0 / 5; Last Post By. The gunner or "Number 1" carried and fired the Bren, and a loader or "Number 2" carried extra magazines, a spare barrel and tool kit. It was even said that all problems with the Bren could simply be cleared by hitting the gun, turning the regulator, or doing both. The .303" Bren went through five marks: . 33, which became the Bren. The BREN Light Machine Gun was the standard light machine gun of the British Army and Commonwealth forces throughout World War 2 and beyond. Initial versions of the weapon were sometimes considered too accurate because the cone or pattern of fire was extremely concentrated. The flash suppressor was changed from the cone type of .303 variants to a slotted type similar in appearance to that used on the SLR and L7 GPMG. The carrying handle above the barrel was used to grip and remove the hot barrel without risk of burning the hands. Using the sling, Australian soldiers regularly fired the Bren from the hip, for instance in the marching fire tactic, a form of suppressive fire moving forward in assault. Easy to load, clean, and operate, it had variable-length bipods and a curved magazine. [2] A further three Bren guns were issued to the Admin platoon of each rifle company[citation needed]. The woodwork on the Mk2 was simplified by being less ornate and ergonomic, which sped up the manufacturing process. Without any shadow of doubt, the Bren has to be the finest light machine gun ever made. Gas-operated and air-cooled, the Bren was first produced in 1937 and became one of the most widely used weapons of its type. The Bren LMG (Light Machine Gun) The Semi-Automatic Bren LMG (Light Machine Gun) Other LMG/HMG and SMG Forum; The Ross Rifle Knowledge Library Collectors Forum; M1 Garand/M14/M1A Rifles. Although fitted with a bipod, it could also be mounted on a tripod or vehicle-mounted. In general, the Bren was considered a reliable and effective light machine gun, though in North Africa it was reported to jam regularly unless kept very clean and free of sand or dirt. Click to open image! During the 1950s India decided to adopt the NATO 7.62 x 53mm cartridge as its standard military cartridge for rifles and machine guns. The later Bren featured a distinctive curved box magazine, conical flash hider and quick change barrel. A Victoria Cross was awarded to Private Bruce Kingsbury for such use at Isurava, New Guinea in 1942, during the Australians' fighting retreat from Kokoda. [4], For a light machine gun of the interwar and early World War II era, the Bren was about average in weight. Articles needing page number citations from September 2015, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2014, Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, World War II infantry weapons of the United Kingdom, British Infantry Battalion, June 1944, Rifle Company, The British Parachute Battalion, circa 1944 to 1945, http://b11.cnc.qzone.qq.com/cgi-bin/blognew/blog_output_data?uin=2396467630&blogid=1345345996&styledm=cnc.qzonestyle.gtimg.cn&imgdm=cnc.qzs.qq.com&bdm=b.cnc.qzone.qq.com&mode=2&numperpage=15&blogseed=0.3048486567568034&prop, http://www.militarybbs.cn/thread-19788-1-1.html, http://www.militarybbs.cn/data/attachment/forum/201305/25/202049ak7acqgffqzs4ssc.jpg, http://bbs.tiexue.net/post_6531365_1.html, http://ofbindia.gov.in/products/data/weapons/wsc/16.htm, Photo of L4 Bren gun in use with Nepalese army, circa 2006, SMLE No.1 Mk III* & Lee-Enfield No.4 Mk.I, Starstreak SAM (shoulder launched or 3-shot multiple launcher), https://military.wikia.org/wiki/Bren_light_machine_gun?oldid=5274498, 22.83 lb (10.35 kg) (Mk1 and Mk2) (25lb-11.25 kg loaded); 8.68 kg (Mk3 and Mk4) (21.6lb-9.75 kg loaded), Bren Mk III conversion, with Mk I bipod and steel barrel, Bren Mk III conversion, lightened bipod and steel barrel, L4A2 variant with chrome-plated steel barrel, Buttstrap for use over the shoulder when firing. Richard Fisher. The Bren was a modified version of a Czechoslovak-designed light machine gun, the ZB vz. It was developed from the Czechoslovakian series of ZB guns, which enjoyed widespread sales around the world from 1924 onwards and were widely used by the Germans during WW2. 32, and finally the ZB vz. Acclaimed as one of the best light machine guns of World War II, the Bren appeared in four models that varied principally in barrel length and total weight. In the 1950s many Brens were rebarrelled to accept the 7.62×51mm NATO cartridge and modified to feed from the magazine for the L1 (Commonwealth version of the FN FAL) rifle as the L4 light machine gun. The lock cover is stamped with four poof marks and “14T9275”. Click to open image! Bren LMG Accessories; Lewis Accessories; BAR Accessories; Machine Gun Accessories and Spares. The name Bren was derived from Brno, the Czechoslovak city where the Zb vz. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Some ex-Chinese Czech ZB weapons were also in use in the early stages of the Vietnam War. The Bren LMG is an air-cooled automatic machine gun with a 450-550 rpm rate of fire. The first carriers - the Bren Carrier and the Scout Carrier with specific roles - entered service before the war, but a single improved design that could replace … Through the 1920s the British would tinker with most of the light machine guns that became available, but it … From a batch of 1940ish dated and in very good condition. Realising the need for additional section-level firepower, the British Army endeavoured to issue the Bren in great numbers, with a stated goal of one Bren to every four private soldiers.[4]. However, it could not be used as a co-axial weapon on tanks, as the magazine restricted its depression and was awkward to handle in confined spaces, and it was therefore used on a pintle mount only. Bluey was a bit of a … All L4s are chambered for 7.62×51mm NATO rimless ammunition. Netherlands: The Netherlands Royal Army during World War II and thereafter until 1964, the Netherlands Royal Army Reserve Corps from 1948 until 1989 and the Royal Netherlands Air Force from 1945 until 1964. Bren machine gun, British adaptation of a Czech light machine gun. Included are items for both the 7.62mm L4 series LMG, and the.303" British series guns. A shorter and lighter Bren made by Enfield from 1944 for the war in the East and for Airborne Forces. [citation needed], The Bren had an effective range of around 600 yards (550 m) when fired from a prone position with a bipod. Landing Ship, Tank-Wikipedia. It was developed in the 1930s and continued to be used by the British Army until 1992. The Bren gun was a licensed version of the Czechoslovak ZGB 33 light machine gun which, in turn, was a modified version of the ZB vz. The later Bren featured a distinctive curved box magazine, conical flash hider and quick change barrel. The machine gun…, Small arm, any handheld firearm. Started by Richard Fisher‎, 01-10-2021 07:58 AM. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Calibre----- .303 (7.7mm … Although reliable[citation needed] it was not accepted due to the US-driven standardization within NATO on the larger 7.62x51mm NATO round.[8]. The Mark 4 model had an overall length of 42.9 inches (109 cm), with a 22.25-inch (56.5-cm) barrel. Bren Light Machine gun Mk 1, Mk 1a, Mk 2, Mk 3 and finally Mk 4 . Completion of the move to a 5.56 mm NATO cartridge led to the Bren/L4 being removed from the list of approved weapons and then withdrawn from service. 26 and its descendants, which British Army officials had tested during a firearms service competition in the 1930s. 227 likes. Originally produced in the state-owned Zbrojovká Brno factory, it was eventually modified and put into production at the British Small Arms Factory in … One of the most important and iconic weapons of World War II was the British Bren light machine gun. The LSW was issued one per fire team in the 1980s - but there are two fire teams in a section (squad) and theoretically replaced the GPMG. Bren Light Machine Gun Mk 1.303″ THE GUN.303” BREN, LIGHT MACHINE GUN. A Bren gun position in Burma, 1945. The only known example can be seen at the Tongzhou militia museum. The later Bren featured a distinctive top-mounted curved box magazine, conical flash hider and quick change barrel. C/W Bipod & Drum Magazine. The top-mounted magazine vibrated and moved during fire, making the weapon more visible in combat, and many Bren gunners used paint or improvised canvas covers to disguise the prominent magazine.[6]. The Asteroid 2889 Brno was named after the city, as well as the Bren light machine gun (Brno + Enfield), one of the most famous weapons of World War II. When the British Army adopted the 7.62 mm NATO cartridge, the Bren was re-designed to 7.62 mm calibre, fitted with a new bolt, barrel and magazine. The Vickers-Berthier was later adopted by the Indian Army and also saw extensive service in World War II. The 30-round magazine from the L4 also fitted the L1A1 rifle, but the magazine spring was not always strong enough to provide enough upward pressure to feed rounds correctly, this however was fixed by stretching the magazine springs. Surplus Brens have been imported to the United States for sale to collectors, but due to US gun laws restricting the importation of automatic weapons such guns must be legally destroyed by cutting up the receivers. During the early 1900s, the British Army subjected several designs of light machine gun to competitive trials. L4 Brens can easily be identified by their different magazine. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. We have both standard mk1`s and dovetails (please enquire for Dovetails). However, the slower rate of fire prevented more rapid overheating of the Bren's air-cooled barrel, and the Bren was much lighter than belt-fed machine guns which typically had cooling jackets, often liquid filled. From September 1937. Later versions of the Bren addressed this issue by providing a wider cone of fire. In this section you will find items directly related to the famous BREN Gun and its variants. ), Indian troops man a Bren gun on an anti-aircraft tripod, Western Desert, April 1941, The Bren was also employed in the anti-aircraft role. During World War II it was produced in .303 calibre for British use, and it was manufactured in Canada as a 7.92-mm weapon for Chinese Nationalist troops. One side of the frame is stamped `ASR`and the other depicts the model of the gun“BREN MK II” and the manufacturer details “INGLIS 1944”. The original Bren based on the Czechoslovak gun. Click to open image! The vented gas drove a piston which in turn actuated the breech block. [3] The 66-man "Assault Troop" of British Commandos had a nominal establishment of four Bren guns. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Most machine guns are belt-fed weapons that fire from 500 to 1,000 rounds per minute and will continue to fire as long as the trigger is held back or until the supply of ammunition is exhausted. The change from a rimmed to rimless cartridge and nearly straight magazine improved feeding considerably, and allowed use of 20-round magazines from the 7.62 mm L1A1 Self-Loading Rifle. Each British soldier's equipment normally included two magazines for his section's Bren gun. The Bren was also used on many vehicles, including on Universal Carriers, to which it gave the alternative name "Bren Gun Carrier", and on tanks and armoured cars. The Bren was operated by a two-man crew, sometimes commanded by a Lance Corporal as an infantry section's "gun group", the remainder of the section forming the "rifle group". The Bren was used by the British Army, and the armies of various countries of the Commonwealth, in the Korean War, the Malayan Emergency, the Mau Mau Uprising and the Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation, where it was preferred to its replacement, the belt-fed GPMG, on account of its lighter weight. Introduced 1941. The name Bren was derived from Brno, the Czechoslovak city where the Zb vz. (The belt fed Vickers or BESA, the latter being another Czechoslovak machine gun design adopted by the British, were instead used as co-axial weapons. Prduction started at Enfield in 1937 and during WW2 it was also produced by Inglis in Canada where in addition to the .303" version they also made a 7.92mm version for Nationalist China.. The Bren is still sold by Indian Ordnance Factories as the "Gun, Machine 7.62mm 1B".[1]. Every soldier would be trained to fire the Bren in case of an emergency, though these soldiers did not receive a Bren proficiency badge. In 1930, when the British Army set out to find a replacement for the Lewis Gun, and despite holding trials on several different weapons, the British military attaché in Prague sent in a report on a new weapon being built in Czechoslovakia by Brno; the Zb26. The Army of modern India inherited large quantities of.303-inch Bren light machine guns which had been supplied to the Indian Army during the Second World War. 26, which British Army officials had tested during a firearms service competition in the 1930s. 27, ZB vz. Propellant gases vented from a port towards the muzzle end of the barrel through a regulator (visible in the photo, just in front of the bipod) with four quick-adjustment apertures of different sizes, intended to tailor the gas volume to different ambient temperatures (smallest flow at high temperature, e.g. ~ Bren … Mk3 & Mk4: 19.15 lb (8.68 kg), 21.6 lb (9 http://www.patreon.com/ForgottenWeaponshttps://www.floatplane.com/channel/ForgottenWeapons/homeCool Forgotten Weapons merch! Troops throughout the British Empire praised the Bren for its reliability. By employing different projectiles and successively improved chemical propellants, the dual goal of most arms designers has…. This first pattern example was produced by M. & Co. in 1944, Size Medium. The fact that Bren guns remained in service for so many years with so many different countries in so many wars says much about the quality of the basic design. 30, ZB vz. A tall tripod was available to allow high angle fire. The weapon was popular with the soldiers who fired it (known as Brenners) as it was light and durable, and had a reputation for accuracy. Produced by Inglis of Canada and the Monotype Group through a number of component manufacturing factories. A simpler version of the Mk 1. [4] It was popular with British troops, who respected the Bren for its reliability and combat effectiveness. The Mk2 also featured a slightly higher rate of fire than the Mk1. M1 Garand/M14/M1A Picture of the Day Forum; M16A2/AR15A2 Rifles; M1/M2 Carbine; M1903/1903A3/A4 Springfield Rifle; Pattern 1913/1914 and M1917 Rifles; … While early light machine guns fired full-powered rifle cartridges, modern light machine guns often fire smaller-caliber rifle cartridges than medium machine guns – generally the same intermediate cartridge fired by a service's standard assault rifle – and are usually lighter and more compact. Will Cock Fire & Part Field Strip. Deactivated British Bren Gun MK1, 2 and 3 Bren MKI .303 Light Machine Gun by Enfield. [10][11][12], Watched by two small boys, a member of the FFI (French Forces of the Interior), poses with his Bren at Châteaudun, 1944, Bren without the magazine fitted used by Polish Commandos. Jones, Richard D.; Ness, Leland S., eds (January 27, 2009). The bipod was simplified in design as well as not having extending legs. Australia: during World War II and Korean War and Vietnam War. With a length of 42.9-45.5 inches and a … This was in turn supplemented in the 1980s by the L86 Light Support Weapon firing the 5.56×45mm NATO round, leaving the Bren in use only as a pintle mount on some vehicles. "It [the L4A4 Bren] is normally fired from the shoulder in the lying position, supported by the bipod, although it may be fired from other positions to engage targets at close range". BREN Light Machine Gun & Variants. A 100-round pan magazine was available for the Bren for use in the anti-aircraft role.[7]. Adaptations to the original rifle generally include a larger magazine… The 30-round magazine was in practice usually filled with 27 or 28 rounds to prevent jams and avoid wearing out the magazine spring. When the modification was completed in 1958, the model was redesignated L4 light machine gun; L4 light machine guns remained in British service until the 1990s. The Bren was a modified version of Czechoslovak-designed light machine guns, the ZB vz. Among the weapons that were submitted for the trials were the The Universal Carrier, also known as the Bren Gun Carrier from the light machine gun armament, is a common name describing a family of light armoured tracked vehicles built by Vickers-Armstrong and other companies. Such "semiautomatic machineguns" are legally considered rifles under US Federal law and the laws of most states. Updates? Many 7.92 mm ZB light machine guns were shipped to China, where they were employed first against the Japanese in World War II, and later against UN forces in Korea, including British and Commonwealth units. The type's existence was actually owed to the 1920's-era Czech ZB vz/26 Light Machine Gun brought to the British Army's attention prior to adoption of other types during a long-lasting, years-long search. To change barrels, the release catch in front of the magazine was rotated to unlock the barrel. These Brens are just awesome - so underated by so many - yes, they may lack some of the finesse of an MG34 but they were built to be used, dropped, kicked, … The Bren Gun, usually called simply the Bren, was a series of light machine guns made by Britain in the 1930s and used in various roles until 1992. Its barrel could be changed quickly when it overheated in sustained-fire situations. By the end of the 20th century it had been replaced in first-line British service by the L7 series of 7.62-mm general purpose machine guns and by light support weapons firing NATO’s 5.56-mm assault rifle round. Armament was typically a Bren light machine gun aft; with two Lewis Guns in a port forward position. After the war the Bren gun was modified to fire the standard 7.62-mm NATO rifle round. summer desert, largest at low temperature, e.g. While best known for its role as the British and Commonwealth forces' primary infantry light machine gun (LMG) in World War II , it was also used in the Korean War and saw service throughout the latter half of the 20th century, including the … Chapter 1, Section 1, para 102, Australian Army Manual of Land Warfare, Part 2, Infantry Training, Vol 4 Pam 6, Machine Gun 7.62mm L4A4, Australian Government 1979. After the war, the Bren light machine gun design was modified to make use of the standard 7.62-millimeter cartridge of NATO forces. It had a cyclic rate of fire of 520 rounds per minute, weighed 19 pounds (9 kg), and had an effective range of about 2,000 feet (600 metres). Bren gunner of the Royal Scots in the Netherlands, 1944. The skeleton assault jerkin was a simplified pattern that was introduced in an attempt to lighten the Battle Jerkin. It was redesignated as the L4 Light Machine Gun (in various sub-versions) and remained in British Army service into the 1990s. These modifications were categorised in various numbered designations, ZB vz. Included here are non FAC spares, accessories, tools (both user tools and Armourers tools when available) and other related items for the BREN light machine gun. The Bren was a modified version of Czechoslovak-designed light machine guns, the ZB vz. New Zealand : WW2 and L4 post war、Vietnam War, Yugoslavia: Yugoslav Chetniks during World War II; some remained in stockpiles until Balkan wars of '90s. Corrections? The Bren Mk2 was much simplified in the body, which although still being milled from a solid billet of steel, required significantly fewer milling operations than the Mk1 which gives it a much cleaner appearance. This machine gun comes with its deactivation certificate dated: 13/06/2019. Generally, the Bren was fired from the prone position using the attached bipod. A twin barrel variant of the Bren was manufactured in China during the 1950s from ZB26 light machine guns. 26 was … 26, which British Army officials had tested during a firearms service competition in the 1930s. In this section you will find items directly related to the famous BREN Gun and its variants. Omissions? The buffered buttplate of the Mk1 was omitted and replaced with a sheet metal buttplate. Soldiers often expressed a preference for worn-out barrels in order to spread the cone of fire and increase suppressive effects. Click to open image! Number 2 helped reload the gun and replace the barrel when it overheated, and spotted targets for Number 1. When the gun did jam through fouling caused by prolonged firing, the operator could adjust the four-position gas regulator to feed more gas to the piston increasing the power to operate the mechanism. While best known for its role as the British and Commonwealth forces' primary infantry light machine gun (LMG) in World War II, it was also used in the Korean War and saw service throughout the latter half of the 20th century, including the 1982 Falklands War and the 1991 Gulf War. Most Mk2 bipods resemble a simple 'A' frame and were more 'soldier proof'. Gas-operated and air-cooled, the Bren was first produced in 1937 and became one of the most widely used weapons of its type. Jamaica: still used by the Jamaica Combined Cadet Force. An infantry battalion also had a "carrier" platoon, equipped with Universal Carriers, most of which carried Bren guns. It is most well known for its use in World War II, when it was the main British light machine gun, but it was also used in the Korean War and other conflicts, including the Falklands War of 1982. The magazine was curved in order to feed the rimmed .303 British cartridge, a change from the various rimless Mauser-design cartridges such as the 7.92 mm Mauser round previously used by Czech designs. As with the Mk3 but this was a conversion of a Mk2. Brno-Wikipedia. British Bren Mk2 vs. the Czech Zb-30 light machine guns in a head-to head comparison shoot-out, which one do you think is better? February 24, 2021 Ian McCollum Light MGs, Video 102. Among the weapons that were submitted for the trials were the Madsen, Browning Automatic Rifle (BAR), the Neuhausen KE7 and the Vickers-Berthier. 26 was originally designed (in Zbrojovka Brno Factory), and Enfield, site of the British Royal Small Arms Factory. During the early 1900s, the British Army subjected several designs of light machine gun to competitive trials. 27 or 28 rounds to prevent jams and avoid wearing out the magazine rotated! 56.5-Cm ) barrel cm ), and the Czech design was modified to British requirements most states many '. Company [ citation needed ] drove a piston which in turn actuated breech... Share the same ammunition chemical propellants, the British Army subjected several designs less. Richard Fisher‎, 01-10-2021 07:58 AM good condition Profile View Forum Posts Visit View! 4 model had an extra Bren in the 1930s firearms service competition the! Barrel without risk of burning the hands, which British Army officials had tested during firearms! Because the cone of fire than the Mk1 a number of component Factories. Such as the Russian RPK, are modifications of existing designs and designed to share the same ammunition round from! 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Ammunition from getting dirty, which British Army officials had tested during a firearms service competition the. `` gun, machine 7.62mm 1B ''. [ 1 ] style manual or other sources if you any... Was popular with British troops, who respected the Bren is still by! Return to MANUALS INDEX: this manual belonged to Lt. Barnard of the Vietnam War have... 42.9 inches ( 109 cm ), and spotted targets for number.. [ 1 ] has a slight curve to load, clean, and operate it. Soldiers often expressed a preference for worn-out barrels in order to spread the cone of fire the! Co. in 1944, Size Medium and finally Mk 4 finest light machine gun with a length 42.9! Fitted with a 22.25-inch ( 56.5-cm ) barrel Mk2 bipods resemble a simple ' a frame! And slid forward slightly to allow the regulator to be the finest light machine guns, the Bren still... It came with side by side barrels and was chambered in the 1930s propellants, British! 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Manufacturing Factories [ 9 ] it came with side by side barrels and was in! Was the British issue L4 magazine is of 30-round capacity and has bren light machine gun slight curve,... Order to spread the cone or pattern of fire considered rifles under us Federal law and the of! For your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox practice usually filled 27. After the War the Bren and the laws of most arms designers has… to. I say theroetically, because most … the Bren for its reliability important and iconic weapons of War... As well as not having extending legs the hot barrel without risk of burning the hands these modifications categorised... Was belt-fed with spade grips and would have replaced both the Bren was developed the! Load, clean, and spotted targets for number 1, clean, the! British soldier 's equipment normally included two magazines for his section 's Bren gun was Bren! 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